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focal or diffuse narrowing of the central, lobar, segmental and/or subsegmental pulmonary arteries. It occurs as an isolated anomaly and as a lesion frequently associated with the tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and truncus arteriosus. Multiple pulmonary arterial stenoses occur with rubella syndrome and Williams syndrome. Pulmonary artery stenosis may occur after pulmonary artery banding, systemic to pulmonary artery shunts and other surgical procedures on the pulmonary arteries. Chest X-ray may show asymmetry in pulmonary vascularity, disparity in size of central pulmonary arteries, and sausage-shaped segmental pulmonary arteries due to the contour of the stenosis and poststenotic dilatation. Pulmonary angiography demonstrates the site and severity of the stenoses. MRI and contrast-enhanced MR angiography are effective for initial diagnosis and monitoring the severity over time (Fig.1). Pulmonary arterial stenoses can be alleviated by transcatheter balloon angioplasty and stent placement.
CBH
The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging Volume V 2
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Pulmonary artery stenosis, Fig. 1 ECG-gated spin-echo image in transaxial plane demonstrates a stenosis of the proximal right artery.
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